Foreign Military Ammunition Packaging Features and Design (I)

At present, new military changes worldwide have promoted changes in the shape of future wars. Military packaging, as an important factor in logistics support and an indispensable carrier of materials and equipment, plays a pivotal role in this military transformation. Ammunition is an important part of the army's weapon system. Its packaging quality is related to the effectiveness of the weapon system. It directly affects the combat effectiveness of the troops and even the outcome of the warfare of the weapon force. It has always been highly valued by the armed forces of various countries.

1 Characteristics of ammunition packaging for foreign military [1]

Foreign countries attach great importance to the ammunition packaging work and believe that packaging is not only an inseparable part of ammunition development and production, but also a partner for rapid response by the military. Its main features are as follows:

1) Keep up with the demand for packaging in modern warfare. Under the new war conditions, the interference and harm caused by electromagnetic and other modern means are ubiquitous. For this reason, the developed countries such as the United States have closely followed the needs of the situation, specifically amending the ammunition packaging standards for this purpose and carrying out ammunition packaging structures according to the new regulations. Optimization improvements [2].

2) Targeted ammunition packaging. Foreign military research on ammunition packaging adopts strict near-term and long-term packaging plans and requirements. For example, the U.S. military’s requirements for recent research on ammunition packaging are: the main performance indicators can withstand rough handling in the temperature range of 54 to 74°C; the packaged ammunition falls within the above temperature range, falling from a height of 2. 1m twice or through loose vibrations. After that, it should be able to fire completely; ammunition stored in a warehouse for more than 20 years can still be exposed to the external environment for more than 2 years, etc. The 2025 packaging plan proposed by the US military is: All Army equipment and supplies must reduce weight and volume by 75% [3].

3) Ammunition packaging standardization. Packaging standardization research is the center of foreign military packaging research. Taking the U.S. military as an example, the U.S. military began systematic research on ammunition packaging from the 1940s and developed a series of standards for packaging technology, which formed macro and micro military packaging development, production, ordering, loading, unloading, storage and transportation. Closely linked standard system.

4) Foreign troops focus on high performance and versatility in the material and structural design of ammunition packaging.

5) Computer technology has been widely used in the field of ammunition packaging. It analyzes, refines and establishes relevant correspondences for product characteristics, packaging requirements, material properties, environmental conditions, transportation and loading and unloading requirements, etc., and incorporates them into computer management, which is conducive to the realization of standardized design; computer data sharing It can shorten the packaging development cycle and quickly obtain a variety of effective information, scientifically make ammunition containerization plans, and rationally plan the number of seaborne or air transport containers; it can also cooperate with higher-level satellite tracking and management systems to achieve “full visibility of ammunition protection”. ".

6) Establish and improve packaging testing and testing institutions. As an important component of ammunition packaging, the establishment and improvement of packaging inspection and testing institutions provide accurate scientific basis for the design of cartridges for bombs, and also make the acceptance of cartridges more objective.

7) Improve the management system. Ammunition packaging management systems in the developed countries of the munitions industry in the world are relatively complete. For example, the United States Ammunition Packaging is coordinated by the Task Force of the Packaging and Storage Task Force (PPTG) of the Conventional Arms Planning Agency of the Three Armies (JCAP). The British Defense Ministry has set up a Central Packaging Department (CPU) to coordinate the standardization of military packaging and packaging design.

2 Research status of foreign ammunition packaging

2. 1 Actively develop and implement packaging plans

Countries such as the United States and Germany have paid more attention to the packaging of weapons packaging, especially ammunition, and are actively implementing the relevant plans. According to reports, the German Federal Army has formulated the "ZML Plan" involving the preservation and maintenance of weapons. The U.S. Army has issued the "Ar750-59 Plan" for the prevention and control of corrosion of military equipment. The US Army’s plan stated that the Chief of Staff of the Logistics Department is responsible for leading the work; the officers of the Army Equipment Command are responsible for the planning and implementation of the plan; and the Anticorrosion Research Center of the Materials Technology Research Institute under the Command is responsible for the anti-corrosion packaging work.

2. 2 Packaging Materials and Packaging Technology

2. 2. 1 Using New Packaging Materials

In order to change the defects of damp wrap deformation and ammunition deterioration of the packaging paper barrel, the National Oak Ridge Research Institute of the United States carried out research on the improvement of the paper cartridges and other containers to replace the paper cartridges [4]. In terms of improving the paper tube, a proposal was made to use a waterproof and moisture-proof coating cartridge, and four coating materials were selected. In addition, the wall structure and the more easily openable neck sealing structure have been studied to extend the storage time. For “anti-explosion-proof packaging”, a feasible packaging material has been developed. It has been reported that the U.S. military has successfully developed a packaging material that can be filled inside a packaged explosives container to prevent popping. The material is adhesive. A composite material that is mixed together for casting. It is light, porous, absorbs shock waves, and absorbs shock. Filling this kind of material into the packaging container not only can prevent the explosion of the explosive in one container, but also can prevent the explosion of the explosives in the adjacent other containers and solve the problem in the ammunition packaging. The new composite material, which has the properties of steel, weighs only a fraction of the weight of the steel; internal barrier material to meet the requirements of insensitive ammunition.

(to be continued)