Introduction to the main methods of space disinfection in clean areas
Overview:
Generalized space disinfection includes: space disinfection and space sterilization. Narrow space disinfection refers to the method of killing pathogenic microorganisms in a certain space, but not necessarily killing bacterial spores. Chemical methods are often used to achieve disinfection. Chemicals used for disinfection are called disinfectants. Space sterilization refers to the method of killing all microorganisms (including bacterial spores) on the object, usually by physical means to achieve the purpose of sterilization. The technique of preventing the entry of microorganisms into the body or object is called aseptic operation.
Definition of space disinfection:
Space Disinfection refers to the use of physical and chemical methods to kill microorganisms or inhibit microbial growth in a certain space.
Space disinfection objects:
The object of space disinfection is mainly microorganisms in space. Microorganisms are tiny organisms that are invisible or invisible to the naked eye. They are small, simple in structure, and are usually called microbes by optical microscopy and electron microscopy. They include prokaryotic microorganisms such as bacteria, actinomycetes, rickettsia, mycoplasma, chlamydia, cyanobacteria, and also eukaryotic microorganisms such as yeasts, enzymes, protozoa, microalgae, and non-cell types of viruses and Ill. Therefore, microbes are not a taxonomic concept, but a general term for all tiny organisms.
Common microorganisms include: bacteria, fungi, spores, viruses, and the like.
The importance of space disinfection
As an important channel for microbial transmission, space disinfection is one of the most important aspects of all environmental disinfection. It is a disinfection link that must be controlled by various enterprises and institutions, related production enterprises (pharmaceutical industry, food industry). China's new GMP Pharmacopoeia clearly specifies the number of floating bacteria in the space. It can be seen that spatial disinfection plays a decisive role in the transmission of cut microorganisms.
Specific methods of space disinfection:
The current common methods of spatial disinfection are:
1, ozone fumigation space disinfection:
Ozone is a strong oxidant and the sterilization process is a biochemical oxidation reaction. Ozone sterilization has the following three forms:
1. Ozone can oxidize the enzymes required to break down the internal glucose of bacteria, causing the bacteria to inactivate and die.
2 directly with bacteria, viruses, destroy their organelles and DNA, RNA, so that the metabolism of bacteria is destroyed, leading to bacterial death.
3 through the cell membrane tissue, invading the cells, acting on the outer membrane of lipoproteins and internal lipopolysaccharide, causing the bacteria to undergo permeability distortion and dissolve and die.
2, formaldehyde aerosol fumigation space disinfection:
1 Calculated according to formaldehyde (40%) 10 ml / cubic meter, potassium permanganate 5 g / cubic meter. In different cases, the dosage is different, but the ratio is 2:1.
2 The container is large, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant: ceramic or glass containers are generally used, because potassium permanganate and formaldehyde are corrosive, and the reaction is intense after mixing, releasing heat.
3 rooms should be sealed: the fumigation effect will be good.
4 The container should be as close as possible to the door so that the operator can quickly evacuate; firstly pour warm water into the container, then add, stir evenly; add formaldehyde; after adding formaldehyde, the person immediately leaves and closes the room. Note the order: Pour formaldehyde into the potassium permanganate solution.
5 disinfection time is generally 20-30 minutes.
6 After disinfection, open the doors and windows to ventilate. The formaldehyde here is 40% formaldehyde solution, which is formalin. The general packaging is 37%.
3, electric aerosol sprayer space disinfection.
Aerosol sprayer is a new type of multi-purpose spray disinfection device. It uses a double cyclone airflow atomizing nozzle and a medicine bottle to form a spray component. The electric centrifugal fan and the base form a power component. The spray hose is connected to the power component by a corrugated hose. Composed together.
Aerosol sprayer, its components are made of corrosion-resistant engineering plastics, high atomization efficiency, good performance, concentrated particle spectrum, sprayable disinfection and sterilization preparations (such as hydrogen peroxide). Especially suitable for health and epidemic prevention departments (such as hospitals, epidemic prevention stations, disinfection stations), tourist hotels, kindergartens, schools, institutions canteens, food processing places, various farms (such as animal breeding houses), stations, docks, warehouses, aircraft Disinfection, sterilization, insecticide, deodorization, humidification, etc. of indoor conditions such as ships, vehicles, and homes.
4, peroxide disinfection (HPV) technology space disinfection:
The technique converts liquid H2O2 into HPV by "flashing", and the process can be effectively carried out in a normal temperature and normal humidity environment, so that special pretreatment such as dehumidification is not required.
The HPV is uniformly introduced into the confined space, and the inner surface thereof is completely exposed to the HPV, and a hydrogen peroxide film of about 1 micrometer is formed to adhere to the surface of the microorganism which may be colonized, and the microorganism itself is wrapped as a micro-condensation formed by the core, and is rapidly Kill. The sterilized HPV is catalytically decomposed into water vapor and oxygen. It can also be completely decomposed using a powerful ventilation device, or a building air conditioning ventilation system can be used. For the lyophilizer, the vacuum system can be used to quickly remove residual HPV.
5, dry mist hydrogen peroxide silver ion sporicide space disinfection:
Silver ion peroxide sporicide is a strong oxidant. The released oxygen molecules (primitive oxygen) can penetrate and destroy the cell wall and cell membrane of the microorganism, and enter the cell to make its key functional components (such as DNA and enzyme). Oxidation of the enzyme system of microorganisms hinders the basic metabolic functions of bacteria (enzymes) or affects their membrane structure leading to cell death. The destruction of all components in the microbial cells is irreversible, which ensures the thoroughness of the sterilization and, more importantly, because of this unique mechanism, the microorganisms are not resistant. Because of its unique characteristics of high sterilization efficiency, safe residue, colorless, odorless and non-toxic, silver ion peroxide sporicide is widely used in practical production. Under the general environment that EU pharmaceutical companies have completely banned formaldehyde, dry atomized hydrogen peroxide silver ion sporicide is currently the first choice for many EU pharmaceutical companies. It is a new attempt in space disinfection and represents a new direction in the development of space disinfection.
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