The P4 laboratory was launched, and the biosafety laboratory system in China was initially formed.
“The P4 laboratory, which can conduct research on the pathogens, will conduct substantive research.†On September 23, Yuan Zhiming, dean of the Wuhan Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said. The "strong pathogen" he mentioned is the pathogen of the highest level of biohazard, the most famous of which is the Ebola virus, as well as the Lhasa fever virus and the Marburg virus.
"Strong pathogens have high virulence and can cause death of humans and animals. However, humans currently have no effective countermeasures and urgently need to study it." Yuan Zhiming introduced China's first biosafety four-level laboratory (P4 laboratory) since 2015. Since the completion of the project, the indicators have been improved. It has been approved by the China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS) and will be put into use by the end of the year after the review of the qualifications of the Health and Technology Commission (experiment).
For nano-level virus molecules, "escape" is inadvertently carried out "absolute isolation", not simply relying on "sealing."
“The entire laboratory has to ensure a negative pressure state,†Yuan Zhiming said. Pressure ensures that laboratory air does not enter the external environment due to diffusion. To this end, China's P4 laboratory is constructed of stainless steel plates, which are laser welded to ensure sealing and pressure resistance. “The flow in the laboratory is a one-way negative pressure flow, and a negative pressure gradient is maintained between different laboratories.â€
In the core area of ​​the lab, there are a total of 10 doors, and the innermost 7 doors are interlocked. Such a high-level security level makes the P4 laboratory more like a “cosmic space station†on land. It is only the P4 laboratory that stops the “death†virus from going out. The space station is stopping the danger of space radiation. . Yuan Zhiming explained that the P4 laboratory is the safest laboratory for scientific research. In addition to humans, the air, liquid and solid waste from the laboratory must be treated to prevent the outflow of research pathogens.
In addition to the prohibition of proliferation, human protection is another task that must be done in the laboratory. "The positive pressure protective suit used in the experiment has the same breathing system as the space suit." Yuan Zhiming said that the staff physically separated from the outside through positive pressure work clothes to avoid contact between the pathogens of the study and the human body. This requires P4 laboratory staff to have exceptionally strict admission qualifications. “This is a public platform for scientists from all over the country,†said Yuan Zhiming. “We have established a technical support team to provide technical services for the research work of outside scientists. Our scientists can conduct research on strong viruses in their own laboratories. Work, this is a secure support platform and technology support platform."
For China, the launch of the P4 laboratory means the initial formation of a “pagoda-style†biosafety laboratory system. Yuan Zhiming introduced that the system includes a four-level and a batch of three-level laboratories and a large number of second-level biosafety laboratories. A total of 53 high-level biosafety laboratories have been recognized, and most of the laboratories have been put into operation.
In order to improve this pagoda system, in 2016, the state promulgated a new high-level biosafety laboratory plan, focusing on the three main functions of microbial strain preservation, scientific research and industrial transformation, monitoring and early warning and detection of pathogens of strong infectious diseases. The needs of the five major links of killing, preventing, controlling and treating, and coordinating the overall layout of the national high-level biosafety laboratory.
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"Strong pathogens" are the most common pathogens of biohazard, the most famous of which are Ebola virus, Lhasa fever virus and Marburg virus. At present, humans have no effective countermeasures against such viruses, and P4 laboratory opening can make China's Scientists can carry out research on strong viruses in their own laboratories, providing researchers with a secure platform and technical support platform to find effective solutions for viruses.
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