According to the principle of stereo imaging, the left and right pixels are recorded on the photosensitive material from different angles. When viewing, the left eye sees the left pixel and the right eye sees the right pixel. The printed matter produced according to this principle is called stereo printing.
The process of three-dimensional printing is generally divided into four steps.
Step 1: Stereo photography
There are two commonly used methods for shooting three-dimensional printed manuscripts:
(1) Arc stereo photography: take a cylindrical lens plate in front of the photosensitive film to take a picture, the optical axis of the camera is aligned with the center of the subject to perform an arc motion at an angle of 3 to 10 degrees, the grating plate in front of the camera photosensitive film and The photosensitive sheet moves randomly and synchronously. After exposure, it is focused into a pixel under each half-cylinder of the grating plate. When the camera completes the shooting at a predetermined distance, the pixels are covered with the entire grid distance. After washing, a stereo photo can be obtained.
(2) Shutter movement method: When shooting, the shutter movement distance is approximately equivalent to the distance between human eyes (60mm), and the grid plate also moves accordingly, and the movement distance is a grid distance (0.6mm).
Step 2: plate making
The following points should be paid attention to in the process of stereolithography:
(1) Three-dimensional photos usually adopt offset printing plate making method. Considering the fine pixels of the three-dimensional image and the magnifying effect of the cylindrical grating, the network line density should not be less than 300 lines / inch.
(2) Since the three-dimensional manuscript is composed of closely arranged pixels, and after the plate-making and printing, a composite column mirror plate is also required, so the three-dimensional printing has a different screen angle from the ordinary color printing. In order to avoid moiré, different grids The three-dimensional printing of the distance should have different angles of screen combination of yellow, magenta, cyan and black. Among them, the cyan and black versions can have the same angle. If the three-color printing ink is close to neutral gray, it is necessary to reduce the The error caused by four overprinting, there is no need to print black version.
Step 3: Printing
The paper used for three-dimensional printing must be tight, smooth, flat, small in elasticity, and smooth after printing.
Generally, high-precision four-color printing machines are used, and the workshop must have constant temperature and humidity conditions.
Step 4: Composite cylindrical mirror plate
After printing, the surface needs to be covered with a column mirror plate to have a three-dimensional effect. There are two kinds of cylindrical lens grids, hard plastic and soft plastic. When the format is large, hard plastic is mostly used.
Three-dimensional printing has the following characteristics:
1. The image has a strong three-dimensional effect.
2. The three-dimensionally printed manuscript can be made by modeling design or scene shooting, and the ink printing can resist high temperature.
3. The surface of the printed product is covered with a layer of concavo-convex cylindrical mirror grating, which can directly watch the three-dimensional effect of the panoramic picture.
4. Chromatography printing must be carried out as planned to avoid paper expansion and contraction, resulting in inaccurate registration.
The elements of 3D printing mainly include:
(1) Paper: The paper used for three-dimensional printing is required to be compact, smooth, smooth, and small in elasticity. There are many applications of coated paper and cardboard.
(2) Grating film materials: there are mainly hard plastic three-dimensional grating films and soft plastic three-dimensional grating films.
The rigid plastic stereo grating has high refractive index and good gloss. Soft plastic stereo gratings have good chemical resistance, but poor thermal stability and light resistance.
(3) Ink: Because any visible degree of foaming will affect the clarity and three-dimensional effect, the three-dimensional printing ink is not a foaming ink. The curing temperature of the three-dimensional three-dimensional printing ink conforms to the curing range of the plastic ink. After the ink layer is cured, the three-dimensional ink has the same elasticity as the standard plastic ink. The images printed with this ink have sharp subtle levels and clear edges, and the subtle levels and screen quality are ideal.
(4) Adhesive: The role of the adhesive is to make the printed matter and the grating stick firmly together, and can protect the ink layer from discoloration under high temperature.
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