Start with how the material is destroyed. Any material that is subjected to an external force that is constantly increasing or continuously constant or continuously alternating will eventually be destroyed beyond a certain limit. There are many types of external forces that cause damage to materials, such as tension, pressure, shear, and torsion. The two strengths of yield strength and tensile strength are only for tensile forces. These two strengths are obtained by tensile tests, which are measured by a tensile tester (generally a universal tester, which can perform various tests of tension and compression and bending) with a specified constant loading rate (ie unit time). The amount of increase in internal tension), the material is continuously stretched until it breaks or reaches the specified degree of damage (for example, some butt weld strength tests may not be broken), the force that causes the ultimate damage of the material is the tensile strength of the material. Ultimate load. The tensile ultimate load is a force expression in Newtons (N). Because Newton is a small unit, in most cases, there are more KNs. Because various materials vary in size, it is difficult to judge the strength of the material by the tensile ultimate load. Therefore, by dividing the tensile ultimate load by the cross-sectional area of ​​the experimental material, a tensile ultimate load per unit area is obtained. The force per unit area, which is a statement of strength, the unit is Pascal (Pa). Similarly, Pascal is a very small unit, which is generally expressed in MPa.
Therefore, the ratio of the tensile ultimate load to the cross-sectional area of ​​the experimental material is the tensile strength. Tensile strength is the limit of the external force that can be withstood by the material per unit area. Beyond this limit, the material will be destroyed by dissociation.
What is the yield strength? The yield strength is only for elastic materials, and the inelastic material has no yield strength. For example, all kinds of metal materials, plastics, rubber, etc., are elastic and have yield strength. Glass, ceramics, masonry, etc., generally have no elasticity. Even if such materials are elastic, they are minimal, so there is no yield strength.
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