Packaging materials occupy a very important position in the material industry. The value of packaging industry in developed countries already accounts for more than 2% of the gross domestic product (GDP). At present, China also needs to eliminate large amounts of commodity packaging every year. In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standards, especially people’s protection of the environment, more and more attention has been given to packaging. Therefore, there has been a higher demand for packaging, and the demand for green packaging has become higher and higher. The rapid development of packaging materials for the direction of the material science, as the basic industry of the packaging industry, is also driving the packaging industry to take off.
According to traditional methods of material classification, packaging materials can be divided into: paper materials, synthetic polymer materials, metal materials, glass and ceramic materials, composite materials, fiber materials, wood, and other materials. However, with the development of materials science, especially the continuous emergence of new materials, the packaging industry materials appear to have functional materials. According to the concept of functional packaging materials, functional packaging materials include: edible packaging materials, decomposable packaging materials, Fresh-keeping packaging materials, absorbent packaging materials, barrier packaging materials, heat-resistant packaging materials, sterile and antibacterial packaging materials, conductive packaging materials, and nano-packaging materials.
Edible packaging materials
With the continuous development and utilization of high technology in the field of food packaging, a variety of edible packaging materials have come out one after another. These edible packaging materials are generally edible substances such as protein, starch, polysaccharide plant fibers and other natural substances that the human body can absorb and digest. Substances are the basic raw materials, and through the interaction between different molecules, the packaging film has a porous network structure and does not affect the flavor of foods. Edible film is rich in raw materials, can be used, harmless to the human body, has a certain strength, etc. As a functional material for the packaging industry, it has achieved rapid development in recent years, and is widely used in the packaging of food and medicine.
As a packaging film, edible packaging film has the following characteristics: water-blocking, can delay the migration and nuclear diffusion of water and oil and other components in foods; optional permeability and anti-infiltration ability, prevent the volatilization of flavor substances in foods. Has good physical and mechanical properties, good surface mechanical strength, easy processing and forming; can be used as food color, flavor, taste, nutrients and anti-oxidant substances and other additives carrier; can be eaten, no pollution to the environment ... and other excellent characteristics.
At present, edible packaging materials are mainly proteins, starch, chitin, and other natural raw materials.
Edible packaging materials made of protein, divided by animal protein and vegetable protein. Animal protein is derived from animal skin, bone, cartilage tissue and so on. These materials have good strength properties, water resistance and oxygen permeability, and are suitable for packaging of meat foods. For example, an edible packaging film prepared from animal protein gum raw material has high strength, water resistance, and water vapor barrier properties, and the thawing cooking will melt automatically and can be used for packaging oil foods without changing the food. The flavor.
Edible packaging film made from vegetable protein has good moisture resistance and has certain antioxidant properties. Suitable for the packaging of fat-containing foods, it can maintain moisture and ensure the original flavor of the food remains unchanged. At present, it is mainly soybean protein edible packaging film, protein, fatty acid, starch edible packaging film, water-resistant protein film, corn alcohol protein edible packaging film, protein coated wrapping paper and so on. In addition, there are some alternative edible packaging films, such as milk protein, casein and so on.
The protein extracted from soybeans produces a plastic-like material as an edible packaging material to replace plastics that were previously synthesized from petroleum. This kind of production technology is to soak soybeans. The ink then separates the proteins, and the proteins are easily dried to remove the moisture, and then mixed with the protein powder and other ingredients and additives to make an edible packaging film or coating. Packaged foods have excellent strength, elasticity and moisture resistance.
Corn protein packaging film is mainly used for the packaging coating of snack foods. The film is a synthetic material of paper and corn protein, and boiling in a pan does not change its nature. The latest development of an edible protein membrane with antibacterial function is the addition of bacteriophage or vitamins, etc., to the zein protein or soy protein single membrane, which can control the growth of pathogens in food and the deterioration of food caused by microorganisms.
Among the edible packaging materials that include maize, wheat, potatoes, and potatoes, and other crops as the base material, the edible packaging films modified and modified by corn starch are most typical. According to the additives added therein, the method of acid-base treatment, enzyme treatment or oxidation treatment is different, and the edible materials for starchy foods can be divided into edible wrapping paper and cornstarch which are made from bean dregs, and sodium alginate or polysaccharide can be used as packaging film. Wait. Use starch as raw material, add other edible substances to process into wrapping paper, used to package fast food noodles, seasonings, etc., can be directly put into the pot to cook without having to remove the bag, and get the dual effect of environmental protection and economy. .
According to traditional methods of material classification, packaging materials can be divided into: paper materials, synthetic polymer materials, metal materials, glass and ceramic materials, composite materials, fiber materials, wood, and other materials. However, with the development of materials science, especially the continuous emergence of new materials, the packaging industry materials appear to have functional materials. According to the concept of functional packaging materials, functional packaging materials include: edible packaging materials, decomposable packaging materials, Fresh-keeping packaging materials, absorbent packaging materials, barrier packaging materials, heat-resistant packaging materials, sterile and antibacterial packaging materials, conductive packaging materials, and nano-packaging materials.
Edible packaging materials
With the continuous development and utilization of high technology in the field of food packaging, a variety of edible packaging materials have come out one after another. These edible packaging materials are generally edible substances such as protein, starch, polysaccharide plant fibers and other natural substances that the human body can absorb and digest. Substances are the basic raw materials, and through the interaction between different molecules, the packaging film has a porous network structure and does not affect the flavor of foods. Edible film is rich in raw materials, can be used, harmless to the human body, has a certain strength, etc. As a functional material for the packaging industry, it has achieved rapid development in recent years, and is widely used in the packaging of food and medicine.
As a packaging film, edible packaging film has the following characteristics: water-blocking, can delay the migration and nuclear diffusion of water and oil and other components in foods; optional permeability and anti-infiltration ability, prevent the volatilization of flavor substances in foods. Has good physical and mechanical properties, good surface mechanical strength, easy processing and forming; can be used as food color, flavor, taste, nutrients and anti-oxidant substances and other additives carrier; can be eaten, no pollution to the environment ... and other excellent characteristics.
At present, edible packaging materials are mainly proteins, starch, chitin, and other natural raw materials.
Edible packaging materials made of protein, divided by animal protein and vegetable protein. Animal protein is derived from animal skin, bone, cartilage tissue and so on. These materials have good strength properties, water resistance and oxygen permeability, and are suitable for packaging of meat foods. For example, an edible packaging film prepared from animal protein gum raw material has high strength, water resistance, and water vapor barrier properties, and the thawing cooking will melt automatically and can be used for packaging oil foods without changing the food. The flavor.
Edible packaging film made from vegetable protein has good moisture resistance and has certain antioxidant properties. Suitable for the packaging of fat-containing foods, it can maintain moisture and ensure the original flavor of the food remains unchanged. At present, it is mainly soybean protein edible packaging film, protein, fatty acid, starch edible packaging film, water-resistant protein film, corn alcohol protein edible packaging film, protein coated wrapping paper and so on. In addition, there are some alternative edible packaging films, such as milk protein, casein and so on.
The protein extracted from soybeans produces a plastic-like material as an edible packaging material to replace plastics that were previously synthesized from petroleum. This kind of production technology is to soak soybeans. The ink then separates the proteins, and the proteins are easily dried to remove the moisture, and then mixed with the protein powder and other ingredients and additives to make an edible packaging film or coating. Packaged foods have excellent strength, elasticity and moisture resistance.
Corn protein packaging film is mainly used for the packaging coating of snack foods. The film is a synthetic material of paper and corn protein, and boiling in a pan does not change its nature. The latest development of an edible protein membrane with antibacterial function is the addition of bacteriophage or vitamins, etc., to the zein protein or soy protein single membrane, which can control the growth of pathogens in food and the deterioration of food caused by microorganisms.
Among the edible packaging materials that include maize, wheat, potatoes, and potatoes, and other crops as the base material, the edible packaging films modified and modified by corn starch are most typical. According to the additives added therein, the method of acid-base treatment, enzyme treatment or oxidation treatment is different, and the edible materials for starchy foods can be divided into edible wrapping paper and cornstarch which are made from bean dregs, and sodium alginate or polysaccharide can be used as packaging film. Wait. Use starch as raw material, add other edible substances to process into wrapping paper, used to package fast food noodles, seasonings, etc., can be directly put into the pot to cook without having to remove the bag, and get the dual effect of environmental protection and economy. .
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