The treatment of cancer has always been the frontier of medical scientists. Targeted therapy, as a treatment method for targeting cancer/tumor cells, has become a research hotspot in cancer therapy. To put it simply, targeted therapy is to design a corresponding therapeutic drug at a cellular molecular level for a well-defined carcinogenic site. When the drug enters the body, it will specifically bind to the carcinogenic site, killing specific tumor cells, but not It affects normal tissue cells around the tumor and is therefore called a "bio-missile."
In this "biological missile" study, biodegradable polymer nanoparticles are often used as drug carriers for targeted therapies. One advantage of nanoparticles is that they utilize enhanced tumor penetration and entrapment (EPR) properties in the tumor region during tumorigenesis, allowing nanoscale particles to pass through the vessel wall. After entering the tumor area, these particles can release the encapsulated drug and kill the tumor cells by overflowing. Professor Andis Pereso (Santiago, Chile), Professor Luis A. Velasquez published an article in Biomaterials, combining physicochemical properties and bioanalysis of biodegradable amyl polyhydroxybutyrate (PHBV)-paclitaxel The absorption, release and cytotoxicity of (paclitaxel) complex nanoparticle cancer cell lines were studied in detail. Molecular simulations show that the composite nanoparticles have a high water affinity interface and porous nanostructures with a 48-hour window period toxicity protection, and the 228-264 nm particle size range allows them to have an appropriate EPR passive targeting effect, which is -6-8.9. The negative charge of mV is also suitable for the endocytosis of granulosa cells allowed by the biological environment, and completes drug release in cancer cells, and has a good therapeutic effect on IIIc serous ovarian cancer cells.
Time-dependence of the NP-Taxel size and surface-polymer structuresduring Taxel liberation processes observed using LVEM. 0 (A), 1 (B), 2 (C), 3(D), 4 (E) and 5 (F) Days
The low voltage transmission electron microscope LVEM 5 played a very critical role during the study. Professor Velasquez's application of nanoparticles is an organic polymer composed of molecules of light atoms such as C, H, O, N, which have weaker ability to scatter electrons. The acceleration voltage of a conventional transmission electron microscope is usually 80 to 300 kV. When the organic molecules are not dyed by heavy metals, most of the electron beams pass through the sample to reach the screen, and the high-contrast image is not displayed. However, the samples stained with heavy metals cause distortion of organic molecules due to complexation with heavy metals, so that the observed morphology is not a natural state, which affects the subsequent analysis of the results and the accurate judgment of the conclusions. Prof. Velasquez observed the sample with the low-voltage microscope LVEM 5. Due to the small accelerating voltage (about 5kV), un-stained samples can obtain high-contrast and clear TEM images, enabling the detection of bio-organic nanostructures in their natural state. The image presented by the low-voltage microscope LVEM 5 effectively helped Prof. Velasquez to complete the analysis and study of the mechanism and kinetics of the poly(hydroxybutyrate)-pivalidin (paclitaxel) complex nanoparticles for the treatment of ovarian cancer cells.
References: Vilos C, Morales FA, Solar PA, et al. Paclitaxel-PHBV nanoparticles and their toxicity to endometrial and primary ovarian cancer cells [J]. Biomaterials, 2013, 34(16): 4098-4108.
The research process and experimental results involved in this paper are subject to the original work.
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