Italian IMF company gave a speech on steel drum painting at the International Symposium on Steel Barrel Technology in Shanghai
Steel drum painting
Steel drums do not require cutting-edge technology. Proper painting of steel drums requires some operational skills and the right specifications to achieve the desired results.
Below is a list of topics that include technical specifications and process flow discussions. I will follow the discussion on this topic today to complete the presentation.
1) metal surface pretreatment;
2) the type of paint;
3) equipment for coating paint;
4) Film formation of the coating.
Metal surface pretreatment
Any coated article requires an appropriate substrate state and maintains such a surface prior to painting so that the coating adheres securely and securely to the metal.
As we all know, it is impossible for any contaminated steel drum surface to adhere to the coating film for a long-lasting and strong adhesion. It is necessary to prevent any contamination and a very fine and smooth interlayer between the metal and the coating film to ensure the adhesion of the coating film on the metal surface.
Steel drums are produced under some special environmental conditions, such as coastal plants with salt in the air. In order to prevent the steel drum from being corroded, it is necessary to apply a layer of anti-rust oil to protect the steel plate.
Surface lubrication is required during steel sheet processing, shearing, painting, and other processing. Some greases are dried due to excessive residence time on the surface of the steel sheet, so special equipment is required for processing. Lubricating oils usually cause pollution. At present, many lubricant suppliers can help users to eliminate the pollution caused by lubricating oil or to separate oil. There are also traces of oil remaining on the surface of the steel sheet, and these traces of oil will eventually affect the quality of the coating on the surface of the steel drum.
Finally, there is no doubt that the structure of the steel drum, such as the bottom of the barrel and the body of the barrel, is made of oil drums. It is necessary to remove the original fine oil on the steel drum through the degreasing and cleaning process in order to have a good coating effect.
The handling of this system will decisively achieve good surface quality of the substrate before coating.
Type of paint
There are many components in the world of steel drums. Coating technology has developed and innovated in the past decade. Every innovation has its own characteristics, such as aesthetics, mechanics, chemistry or compliance with today's environmental regulations.
In fact, today's coatings can be divided into three types:
- Solvent-based coatings;
- water soluble coatings;
- Powder coatings.
Solvent-based coatings are independent development of steel drum coating systems in the last decade. Perhaps solvent-based coatings are by far the most widely used steel drum coatings.
The development of certain coating technologies has been studied for many years in order to protect the surface of steel drums: it is aesthetically pleasing, not only protects the metal surface from external erosion, but also protects the inside of the container from corrosion by various chemicals.
In many countries around the world, there are new regulations that limit and reduce the spread of solvents into the air. The solvent is a carrier that adds color pigments and the like to the paint film on the surface of the steel drum, and it evaporates into the air when the painting task is finished.
It accounts for a relatively high proportion of all the mixtures that make up the coating, so the amount of solvent that is now escaping into the air is of concern to environmental law. There are some devices that can burn solvent vapors, but the cost is high at work.
About a solvent alternative was introduced last year, it is water. The initial application of this water-soluble coating is small and difficult: it is not easy to spray, expensive, and the surface of the steel drum is not very aesthetic.
These problems have been gradually solved. It is transferred to the barrel through proper gas spraying procedures, the cost becomes competitive, and the appearance is improved, but the splash during spraying is not reduced, from keeping the spray booth clean. It is easier said than done with solvent-based paints.
Today, the application of water-soluble coatings on the exterior coating of steel drums has a fairly standardized system in many factories around the world. Water-soluble paints used for exterior coating of steel drums still have some problems. Many chemicals are protected by chemical coatings to avoid contact with metals for a long time. This is the main reason why water soluble coatings are now restricted.
The third type of coating is a series of powder coatings. It is mainly used for the interior coating of steel drums. It has very good scratch resistance and is more challenging than solvent based coatings on the surface of protective steel drums.
Painting metal surfaces with powder is not something that is now available. Such systems were used 15 years ago.
During this time, powder coating technology has gradually developed and the application range has become wider and wider in the case of liquid paint still prevailing.
Compared to solvent-based coatings, the surface quality of powder coatings is roughly equivalent or better under some of the same conditions. Any party contains chemical substances that are resisted.
Compared with powder coatings, the most practical difference in liquid coatings is that the previous coating system has a large amount of harmful solvents emitted during operation.
The modernization of the world and Europe has shifted to environmental protection, and the release of solvent vapors into the air is not permitted by current regulations.
Gas handling systems are very expensive and expensive to operate.
It is difficult to apply a large surface such as a steel drum to keep the spraying distance equal to each other. Only by adjusting the spraying speed to achieve uniformity. It determines the mandatory reduction of the process route from the internal control of the spray specification.
Powder coatings are also challenged by solvent-based coatings because they increase the individual cost of steel drums. However, it is generally accepted that the coating quality of powder coatings is very good. It is a chemical polymer of petroleum, which meets all the simple and demanding standards of the current quality assurance of steel drums.
Paint coating equipment
Last year, consumers changed the requirements for the surface quality of steel drums. Brightness, scratch resistance, proper film thickness, complete film coverage, etc., have received increasing attention.
If the appearance of steel drums in previous years is considered to be unimportant, then the requirements for external quality are now high.
To achieve this goal, as mentioned above, to properly pretreat the surface and use appropriate coatings, high-quality coating technology is also used to process the surface of the steel drum to achieve the above quality objectives. .
Such a coating system for the outer surface of the steel drum is the spray booth and all its devices. The spray booth should be able to meet all different quality and requirements of the spray task.
The feed of the spray booth steel drum must be given an accurate and fast timing output, but the speed is even and smooth to avoid the steel drum oscillating or falling out of the spray line.
The rotational speed of the drum requires a constant value with a fixed operating sequence throughout the coating cycle. During this time, the equipment supporting the steel drum has little contact with the edge of the steel drum and allows the bottom surface of the steel drum to be exposed at the contact.
A large number of guns must be supplied within the spray range. The quality of the spray gun determines the quality of the spray. Undoubtedly, different steel drums require different spray guns, which is very important. And the order and location of the installation should be determined as needed. To support the work of the gun, you must also have a pump of the right quality, a paint filter heater, and so on.
In order to save paint and limit environmental pollution, it is necessary to limit the overspray of paint. Unfortunately this cannot be completely avoided, so a properly dry or water curtain suction system is essential.
Spraying a high-speed rotating spray disc in the barrel is currently the main method. This device is capable of achieving a constant coating thickness over the entire length of the barrel.
The inner coating of the steel drum can also be sprayed with a suitable coating method. Spray the barrel and the bottom of the bucket separately in a high-tech spray booth. The technology and equipment of powder coating determine the quality of the coating.
Powder coating on the surface of the steel drum is also carried out as a completely clean pretreatment of the coating range as previously described.
Film formation
After spraying the water-based, solvent or powder coating on the surface of the steel drum, it must be dried at a certain temperature and time.
Different coating types have different standards, polymerization conditions and quality inspection characteristics.
The average temperature range of the drying process is 160-210 °C. The hot air in the drying chamber is maintained at this temperature for 10-15 minutes for solvent-based coatings and 15-18 minutes for water-based coatings.
To complete this process, powder coatings need to be carried out in a far infrared oven at different temperatures and time ranges. Choose the appropriate oven for the different powder coatings.
The same drying process can be used when different coatings are used inside and outside the steel drum, either at a temperature or time.
When the steel drum is fed into the oven, the temperature required for the polymerization of the paint is quickly supplied to the surface of the steel drum, and this process enters in a short time, so the length of the process can also be shortened.
The air circulation path inside the oven is also important, keeping the same temperature in all parts of the drum.
The thermal insulation of the oven is also an important matter, it can prevent the intrusion of low temperature from outside or the loss of hot air temperature in the furnace. Finally, lowering the temperature of the drum must remove it from the oven. To facilitate the operator of the plant, it is a good idea to separate the oven sections for cooling.
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