High-precision shearing device for thin steel sheets for metal packaging
Text / Liu Qiuzhen
The high-precision shearing device for thin metal sheets for metal packaging is a device that integrates automation, informationization, convenience, and intelligence. It replaces manual production with automation, which is more accurate and efficient, saves manpower and saves labor costs. From the perspective of long-term production, the total cost is lower. It adopts Kingview network control and forms a set of information network through human-computer interaction control. Management controls the production status of the entire production line, enabling remote control and remote monitoring of production. For the convenience of assembly and transportation, each machine in the unit is connected, but it does not affect each other. That is, a machine is taken out separately, and it is approved to complete the work corresponding to the process. The high-precision shearing device for thin metal sheets for metal packaging provides a new development idea for the production of shear plates in the canning industry and is also an advancement in the manufacturing industry. In addition, reducing the use of steel can also indirectly reduce emissions from dust, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile phenols, cyanide, suspended solids, scrap steel, etc. produced by steelmaking, reducing pollutants to water, atmosphere, and human respiratory system. The harm that these human beings have is difficult to estimate.
This project intends to research and develop high-precision shearing equipment for thin steel sheets for metal packaging with independent intellectual property rights. It has obtained 10 utility model patents and 3 invention patents.
The core content of R&D mainly includes three aspects:
(1) The mechanical device of the system is innovatively designed in the aspects of refined processing and process reengineering according to the process flow of product design, reaching the domestic leading and international advanced level;
(2) The automatic control system adopts PLC control system to achieve high degree of automation control, improve production efficiency and product quality;
(3) Informatization management The current popular fieldbus technology is used to collect the underlying information, establish a product information database, and realize the information management of the enterprise.
First, the design of automatic feeder
1. Application and principle of automatic feeder
Figure 1 pneumatic feeding device
The automatic feeding device in the high-precision shearing device is a self-developed and innovative mechanism. The working principle is that the double-cylinder cylinder is used as the original moving member to drive the vacuum cylinder. The extension of the double-rod cylinder drives the linkage plate to move along the sliding rod, and the vacuum cylinder installed on the linkage plate is controlled by the electromagnetic valve to complete the suction and material transfer. Discharge this process. Its schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1. In the high-precision shearing device, the electric signal control is mainly used to adjust the fretting lifting of the feeding table. As the sheet material is continuously transported to the automatic feeder, the height of the sheet on the table will be continuously reduced, and then the cylinder is removed. Farther and farther, even beyond the working range of the cylinder. Therefore, the feeding workbench should be continuously improved. When all the sheets are shipped, an automatic alarm is generated, prompting the addition or replacement of the sheets. There are two photoelectric switches A and proximity switches B above the feeding table. The photoelectric switch A corresponds to the ram of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate will decrease as the height of the plate decreases. When the photoelectric switch A cannot be irradiated to the ejector pin, an electric signal is formed to automatically control the lifting platform to rise slightly. The proximity switch B is installed directly above the sheet. When all the sheets on the table are transported, the proximity switch B sends an electrical signal to cause the alarm to alert the operator to add or replace the sheet. Figure 2 shows the installation and operation of photoelectric switch A and proximity switch B.
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of photoelectric switch and proximity switch
2. Innovative design of automatic feeder
In addition to the innovative design of pneumatic feeding devices, the feeders in high-precision shearing devices have also made innovative changes to the placement and adjustment of materials on the basis of conventional feeders. The automatic feeder is the first part of the high-precision shearing device and is also the starting point for the shearing work. Due to factors such as dimensional changes and placement between different sheets, the feeding will be smoothly carried out. The weight of the piles makes the sheets themselves difficult to adjust, and can only be done by adjusting the table. The traditional feeder is adjusted in such a way that the horizontal feed direction of the table is mostly adjusted by using a screw mechanism with a handle, and the longitudinal feed direction of the table is manually adjusted by using a crowbar. The drawbacks are time-consuming and laborious, and it is inconvenient to adjust. The automatic feeder in the automatic shearing machine solves this problem. The improvement method is as follows: the transverse feeding direction, a motor is added to the original screw mechanism, and the gear is driven. The motor control circuit is a positive and negative chain circuit, and its circuit diagram is as shown in Fig. 3.
Figure 3 circuit diagram
3, motor forward and reverse interlock control circuit diagram
The longitudinal feed direction adjustment of the feeding table has also been improved. A sprocket is added to each roller shaft, and a motor is also used as a power source, and a positive and negative interlocking control circuit is provided. The changes at the automatic feeder table can greatly save manpower and material resources, and also facilitate the operator to adjust the position of the sheet, improve production efficiency, and achieve automatic adjustment.
Second, the automatic conveyor testing part
On the conveyor, double-detection instruments are installed to test the sheets, and the sheets conveyed on the feeder are controlled to be single sheets without overlapping sheets. In order to enable the pusher plate to accurately receive and push the sheet material, a photoelectric switch and a proximity switch are installed on the transporter to respectively measure the position of the sheet material and the position of the pusher plate, and adjust the motor speed through the frequency converter to find Reasonable push position and motor speed.
Third, the innovation of shearing machine
1. Pressure double shaft device
The high-precision shearing device is innovatively designed on the basis of the circular knife shearing machine (round shearing machine) produced by Hangzhou Hengli Machinery. It takes a certain distance for the sheet to enter the edge of the circular shearing machine from the conveyor. This distance is caused by the shape defect of the circular shearing machine. The high-precision shearing device is to compensate for this defect so that the feeder can be docked. In the design, the feeding boss of the circular shear is reasonably utilized, and a pair of pressing double shaft device is installed. The drive shaft is rotated by the servo motor through the belt drive, and then the driven shaft is driven by the gear transmission. The transmission ratio is 1, the two shafts have the same rotational speed, and the rotational speed is the same as the rotational speed of the circular cutter shaft. When the sheet enters the two-axis gap through the conveyor, it is driven by the two shafts and has the same linear velocity as the outer edge of the shaft. Through the sheet portion of the double-shaft device, it is cut through a section of the gusset into the cutter of the circular cutter. The cutters on the circular cutter shaft have been adjusted in advance to cut the size we need.
2, sheet guiding device
A necessary condition for the neatness of the shearing board is that the sheet placed in the shearing machine must be placed correctly. This is also an important part that is easily overlooked during manual cutting. Manual cutting cannot reduce the error of each sheet skew to the same as the machine. lowest. The high-precision shearing device is designed with an automatic guiding and guiding device for the sheet material, so that the sheet material is corrected before entering the cutting edge of the circular shearing machine, so that the cut sheet material will be more neat and more standard. The automatic to positive device is two linear motors mounted on both sides of the sheet conveying table, and the processed truncated head is mounted on a linear motor and equipped with a spring device. As shown in Fig. 4, the motor can be adjusted for different sheets to move the table head forward and backward to adjust the position. Under the adjustment of the head, the sheet will be automatically corrected to the square.
Figure 4 adjustment mechanism
Fourth, automatic material distribution design
The cut sheet is divided into two parts, the part of the material we need, and the part of the scrap left blank, as shown in Figure 5. Then separating the material from the waste and separating the material from the material is the purpose of designing the distributor, as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of sheet cutting
Figure 6: Flat top view of the material
Due to the shape design of the material distribution table, the waste leaves the shearing board and falls into the waste collection port. The material is distributed by the mountain-shaped ribs installed on the distributor, and the cut sheets are separated on the ribs. Under the action of belt friction and self-gravity, sliding from the ribs into the respective tracks completes the materialized material. The distribution diagram is shown in Figure 7.
Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the material distribution
Five, automatic receiver
Like the automatic feeder, the receiver is also widely used in printing iron. Whether it is flat or printing, the receiver is an indispensable machine.
The process of transporting the formed sheet material to the receiver, triggering the proximity switch, the program starts the servo motor and the suction electromagnet, and transports the formed sheet to the top of the receiving table. By setting the pulse and energization duration, the formed sheet that reaches the specified position will be released and fall vertically onto the workbench. Due to the influence of air resistance during the falling process, the sheets cannot be neatly stacked. A monolithic electromagnet is installed on both sides of the receiving table. When a certain amount of formed sheet falls, the receiving electromagnet receives the signal for 2 seconds. This completes the finishing of the formed sheets so that the sheets can be placed neatly. Its working diagram is shown in Figure 8.
Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the receiving machine receiving material
The fully automatic receiving machine of high-precision cutting device adds more information-based intelligent design on the basis of the original. For example, the man-machine interface not only facilitates the operation of the worker, but also monitors the route of the sheet in real time, and can clearly see if there is a failure in the production process. The LED display screen visually displays the type, name, and related size information of the cut sheet.
Summary
The high-precision shearing device for thin metal sheets for metal packaging is a device that integrates automation, informationization, convenience, and intelligence. It replaces manual production with automation, which is more accurate and efficient, saves manpower and saves labor costs. From the perspective of long-term production, the total cost is lower. It adopts Kingview network control and forms a set of information network through human-computer interaction control. Management controls the production status of the entire production line, enabling remote control and remote monitoring of production. For the convenience of assembly and transportation, each machine in the unit is connected, but it does not affect each other. That is, a machine is taken out separately, and it is approved to complete the work corresponding to the process. The high-precision shearing device for thin metal sheets for metal packaging provides a new development idea for the production of shear plates in the canning industry and is also an advancement in the manufacturing industry.
Although the role of science and technology in creating the material achievements of industrial civilization is indeed great, showing an unparalleled "magic power", science and technology itself has enormous limitations. For example, the high-precision shearing device for thin metal sheets for metal packaging of this project has the advantages of high cutting precision, convenient operation, labor saving, high degree of informationization, high degree of automation, and low long-term cost; however, there are also some shortcomings. Shearing is one-way. Currently, it is only suitable for the cutting of vats or the correction of open materials. Therefore, technological innovation should be carried out continuously, and the cutting of small barrels should be realized as soon as possible.
Any scientific understanding is relative, and the process of scientific understanding is actually a process of continuous trial and error. For industrial civilization, the rapid development of science and technology has made the industrial civilization glory in material civilization, realizing the humanization of science and technology, and applying science and technology to the cause beneficial to human beings is a realistic subject facing modern industrial society.
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