1, wooden wood-based panels
There are many types of wood-based panels. At present, plywood, particleboard, fiberboard, blockboard, hollow slab, multi-layer board, and laminated and laminated materials are commonly used in furniture production. They have the advantages of large format, uniform texture, smooth surface, easy processing, high utilization, small deformation and high strength. At present, wood-based panels are gradually replacing the original natural wood and are widely used in furniture production and interior decoration.
1, plywood (Plywood)
The plywood is a multi-layered board which is obtained by kneading and softening the logs and cutting them into large sheets along the annual ring, by drying, finishing, and gluing, and then collating the vertical layers of the adjacent layers in the direction of the wood grain. Plywood has a wide range of applications, such as large size, small thickness, light weight, beautiful wood grain, smooth surface, unsuitable warpage and high strength. Plywood can be used reasonably for wood. It uses wood logs to cut veneers to produce plywood instead of directly sawn wood logs, which can improve wood utilization. In addition, plywood is superior to natural wood in its performance. Its structure determines its uniform physical and mechanical properties, and overcomes the defects of natural wood anisotropy. Plywood can also be used with wood. Such as door panels, panels, side panels, back panels, roof panels, floor panels of various cabinet furniture, bottom panels and panels of drawers, and molded parts such as backboards for folding chairs, seat panels, sofa armrests, countertops, and the like.
2, fiberboard (Fiberboard)
The fiberboard is made by crushing and soaking bark, shavings, dried branches, fruits and other waste materials into wood pulp, re-interlacing the plant fibers, and then forming them by wet pressing and drying. Fiberboard can be classified into hard fiberboard (HB), flexible fiberboard (SB, IB), medium density fiberboard (MDF), and high density fiberboard (HDF). The hard fiberboard is characterized by uniform structure and high strength, and can be used instead of the thin plate, but the surface is not beautiful, easy to absorb moisture and deformation, and the use is limited, and is mainly used for building door panels, furniture backboards and other places where the requirements are not high. The soft fiberboard is characterized by low density and physical and mechanical properties, and is mainly used for insulation, heat preservation, sound absorption and sound insulation in construction projects. Medium-density fiberboard and high-density fiberboard have large format, uniform structure, high strength, stable dimensional deformation, easy cutting, strong edge, smooth surface, and easy for direct adhesive coating and finishing. Medium density fiberboard is mainly used for furniture production and interior decoration; high density fiberboard is mainly used for producing laminate flooring.
3, particle board (Particle board)
The particleboard is used to cut wood processing residues, small-diameter wood, wood chips, etc. into pieces, which are dried, mixed with rubber and hardener, and pressed at a certain temperature. Particleboard has large format, flat surface, uniform structure, long and wide homogeneity, no growth defects, no need for drying, good sound insulation, certain strength, low utilization rate, poor cutting performance, large release of free formaldehyde, surface No defects such as wood grain.
4, Blockboard
The blockboard is a solid-core cladding sheet made of wood strips of the same thickness, which are arranged in parallel in one direction and integrated into a core board, and one or two layers of veneers are glued on both sides thereof. Its structural size is stable, it is not easy to crack and deform, it has good processing performance, high strength and high nail holding power. It is the best quality wood material with the best color of wood. It is widely used in furniture production and interior decoration, especially for making countertop parts and structural load-bearing components. .
5, honeycomb board (honeycomb core plywood)
The honeycomb panel is a panel made of two thinner panels firmly bonded to both sides of a thicker honeycomb core. It is characterized by high strength, large weight ratio, average force, high pressure resistance, low thermal conductivity, good shock resistance and no deformation, light weight and sound insulation effect. It is a better kind of decoration wood material. It is a type of hollow slab. The hollow plate is a hollow composite structural material composed of a light core material (hollow core plate) and a cladding material. In the hollow plate, the core material is also called a hollow core plate, and its main function is to make the plate have a certain filling thickness and supporting strength. Generally, the core material of the hollow board for furniture production is composed of the surrounding wooden frame and the hollow core filler, and the hollow plate has no uniform standard width and thickness of the plate, which is produced by the furniture manufacturer; In addition, there is a core material having only an empty core filler and no peripheral wood frame, which is a finished board having a uniform standard web and thickness. The surrounding wooden frame materials are solid wood board, particle board, medium density fiberboard, multi-layer glued laminated board, and the like. The hollow core filler mainly has a wooden grating shape, a slat lattice shape, a thin plate mesh shape, a thin plate wave shape, a paper honeycomb shape, a light wood stem rod shape and the like.
6, laminated timber (Laminated veneer lumber, LVL)
The laminated material is a high-performance product which is formed by laminating the layers of the rotary-cut veneer in parallel with the fiber direction, and is also called a veneer lumber. The characteristics of laminated timber are: small diameter timber, curved timber, short logs can be produced, the yield rate can reach 60~70% (and only 40~50% of the material is used), which improves the utilization rate of wood; Thickness is 2~12mm, commonly used 2~4mm) It can be longitudinally lengthened or horizontally widened, so it can produce long, wide and thick materials; it can realize continuous production; it can be removed due to single board splicing and lamination glue. Defects or dispersions are staggered, resulting in uniform strength, dimensional stability, and excellent material properties; and can be easily treated for corrosion protection, fire prevention, and insect control. It can be used as a plate or square material. When used, it can be applied perpendicular to the rubber layer or parallel to the rubber layer. Mainly used for furniture countertops, frame materials and structural materials; architectural staircases, stair railings, door and window frame materials, floor panels, roof truss structural materials and interior materials; car floor, container floor, musical instruments and sports equipment.
7. Laminated wood, Glued laminated wood, Glulam
Glulam is a wooden structural plate that is glued to form a certain size and shape by gluing or widening the length or width of the plates or slats parallel to the wood texture (some of which are laminated on the thickness), also known as glulam. Or finger joint wood. The laminated material can maintain the natural texture, high strength, good material quality, stable size and no deformation of the wood. It can be used for small materials and inferior materials. The components are freely designed and can be manufactured to meet various sizes, shapes and special shape requirements. Wood components, a new type of functional structural wood panels, are widely used in the construction of building construction, interior decoration, flooring, wall panels, furniture and wood products.
8, melamine resin decorative sheet (fireproof board) (Decorative melamine laminated sheet)
Melamine resin decorative board (commonly known as fireproof board), also known as high pressure melamine resin paper laminate, is a thin plate made of multi-layer melamine resin impregnated paper and phenolic resin impregnated paper pressed by high pressure. The first layer is the surface paper, the role of the slab is to protect the printed wood grain on the decorative paper and the surface has excellent physical and chemical properties. The surface paper is made of high-grade melamine resin impregnated with the surface layer paper, and transparent after hot pressing. shape. The second layer is decorative paper, which plays a role in the slab. The color and pattern of the fireproof board are provided by decorative paper, and the decorative paper is made of decorative base paper (titanium white paper) impregnated with high pressure melamine resin. The third, fourth and fifth layers are the bottom paper. The role played in the slab is mainly to provide the thickness and strength of the slab. The number of layers can be determined according to the thickness of the slab. The bottom paper is impregnated with phenolic resin from kraft paper without fire retardant. production. The fireproof board can be made by heating and pressing a multi-layer hot press or a continuous press. It is a decorative material that has been widely used for a long time. It has good physical and mechanical properties, hard surface, smooth and beautiful, high gloss, fire resistance, water resistance, heat resistance, abrasion resistance, pollution resistance, easy cleaning, good chemical stability, and is often used in kitchen, office, computer room and other furniture. Manufacture of countertops and interior decoration.
9, thin wood (Sliced ​​wood veneer)
The veneer veneer is a veneer with precious tree species attached to the surface of the substrate or panel. This process has a long history of retaining the fine characteristics of the wood and the authenticity of natural wood grain and color. It is a popular method of surface decoration. Thin wood is a natural high-grade veneer used in furniture manufacturing and interior decoration. There are many types of decorative thin wood, and a typical classification method is generally carried out in the form and thickness of the thin wood.
According to the form of thin wood, there are mainly: natural thin wood - thin wood directly cut from the wood of natural precious tree species; artificial thin wood - the rotary cut veneer of the common tree species is dyed according to the color of the precious tree species and then glued according to the fiber direction. Sliced ​​veneer made of synthetic wood; integrated thin wood - small square or veneer of precious tree species or common tree species (dyed) is firstly integrated into the wood and then cut into pieces according to the texture pattern of the thin wood. Zhang Jianhua thin wood.
At present, artificial thin wood and integrated thin wood are collectively referred to as science and wood. This is because it is made of ordinary wood and is designed by computer simulation technology. The simulation made by high-tech means is even better than the all-wood new surface of natural precious tree species. Decorative material. It not only maintains the properties of natural wood, but also gives new meaning. Tech Wood can simulate natural and precious species that are increasingly rare and expensive, and create beautiful patterns and patterns that are more artistic.
According to the thickness of the thin wood, there are mainly: thick wood - thickness > 0.5mm, generally refers to ordinary thin wood 0.5 ~ 0.8 mm thick; thin thin wood - thickness < 0.5 mm, generally refers to 0.3 ~ 0.5 mm; thin wood - thickness < 0.2 Mm, generally refers to 0.05~0.2 mm (rolled thin wood with back sticker), and thin wood with thickness less than 0.5 mm is called micro-thick wood.
According to the thin wood pattern, there are mainly: thin-cut thin wood--a strip of thin wood that is roughly parallel to each other made up of wood and early wood; string-cut thin wood--a roughly mountain-shaped pattern of wood made up of early and late wood; corrugated thin wood - Patterned thin wood produced by wavy or twisted texture, also known as the back of the piano pattern, shadow pattern, often appear in maple (Maple), birch and other tree species; bird's eye pattern thin wood - bird-like shape formed by local distortion of the fiber Patterns, often appear in maple (Maple), birch, ash and other tree species; tree-skinned thin wood - the pattern formed by the abnormality of the local fibers caused by tree tumors, etc., often appear in walnut wood, Maple (Maple), Fatong, Elm and other tree species; tiger skin thin wood - a tiger-like pattern resembling a tiger-like light formed by dense wood rays on a radial section, wood ray on the string cut surface It is spindle-shaped and often appears in woody-rich tree species such as eucalyptus and beech.
10. Printed decorative paper
The decorative decorative paper veneer is a decorative paper printed with wood grain or pattern on the surface of the substrate, and then coated with a resin paint or a transparent plastic film. The decoration method is characterized by simple process, automatic and continuous production; no crack on the surface, softness, warmth and wood grain, and certain wear resistance, heat resistance and chemical resistance. Suitable for the manufacture of medium and low-grade furniture and interior wall and ceiling decoration.
Decorative paper is divided according to the base paper. There are three commonly used ones: one is a tissue paper with a basis weight of 23~30g/m2, which is mainly suitable for the medium fiber board and plywood substrate; the other is a titanium white of 60~80g/m2. Paper (80g/m2 titanium white paper if the surface coating is unsaturated polyester resin), mainly for particleboard and other wood-based panels; the third is titanium white paper of 150~200g/m2, mainly suitable for paper Edge sealing of the board. The tissue paper has good bonding fastness, poor coverage, easy wrinkling and breakage, and large loss; the titanium white paper should be calendered, with less loss and easy to stratify.
There are two types of decorative paper according to whether the paper surface is coated or not: one is the surface unpainted decorative paper; the other is the pre-painted decorative paper, the original paper is the tissue paper when only the surface is painted and the interior is not impregnated with resin. When the interior is also impregnated with a small amount of resin, the base paper is titanium white paper.
Decorative paper can be divided into two types according to whether there are adhesive layers on the back side: one is decorative paper with no adhesive on the back for wet veneer; the other is decorative paper with hot melt adhesive layer on the back for Dry veneer.
11. Resin impregnated paper
The synthetic resin impregnated paper veneer is obtained by impregnating the base paper with a thermosetting synthetic resin, drying the solvent to form a resin impregnated paper (also known as a film paper), and covering the surface of the artificial board substrate with a hot press adhesive. The commonly used synthetic resin impregnated paper veneer is not coated with glue. After the impregnated paper is dried, the synthetic resin is not cured completely, and is heated and melted when it is applied to the surface of the substrate. Since the resin is cured, the surface is formed while being bonded to the substrate. The protective film can be made into a veneer without the need to finish the coating with a paint. There are hot-cold and hot-hot glues depending on the impregnating resin. For some impregnated papers with low resin content (50~60%) (also known as synthetic thin wood), the resin is completely cured after drying, when it is veneered. It is necessary to apply glue on the surface of the substrate, and the surface after the veneer can be painted with a paint. The main types of synthetic resin impregnated paper are:
Melamine resin impregnated paper:
(1) High-pressure melamine resin impregnated paper is one of the earliest ones with good performance and high gloss, but high veneer pressure and complicated hot pressing process. It needs to be depressurized after hot pressing and cooling, that is, hot-cold pressing.
(2) Low-pressure (modified) melamine resin impregnated paper is an impregnated paper which modifies the melamine resin and increases its fluidity. It also has sufficient fluidity at low pressure, and does not require cooling, that is, low-pressure heat-heat. Method of rubber pressure.
(3) Low-pressure short-cycle melamine resin impregnated paper is in
The thermal reaction catalyst is added to the low-pressure melamine resin to increase the speed and the hot pressing cycle can be shortened to 1~2 min. In order to reduce the cost, the urea-formaldehyde resin may be first immersed to modify the melamine resin. Low pressure hot-hot glue is also used. Low-pressure melamine resin impregnated paper veneer particle board and MDF are mainly used for processing kitchen furniture, office furniture and computer desks. If the surface paper is resistant to high abrasion, the high-density fiberboard for the substrate can be processed into a highly wear-resistant laminate flooring material (reinforced laminate flooring).
Phenolic resin impregnated paper: low cost, high strength, deep color, suitable for occasions with good physical properties and no need for aesthetics. It is generally used as the backing paper for backing paper and parts.
Dipropylene phthalate resin (DAP) impregnated paper: good flexibility, roll-to-roll, easy to use, good decorative quality, strong sense of reality, can be directly attached to the plane and sides of the part, but the cost is high. Low pressure heat-thermal pressure can be used.
Bird manure amine resin impregnated paper: good chemical stability, long storage period, no cracking, and roll. Low pressure heat-thermal pressure can be used.
12, plastic film (Plastic film)
At present, plastic films for veneer parts are mainly made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film and polypropylene (Alkorcell) film.
The commonly used plastic film is a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film composed of polyvinyl chloride resin, pigment, plasticizer, stabilizer, lubricant and filler. It is made by pressing in a mixer and printed on the surface or back. There are various patterns, and in order to enhance the realism, there are also embossed wood texture and perforations. The film is beautiful and realistic, and has low air permeability. After veneering, it can reduce the influence of air humidity on the substrate, and has certain waterproof, abrasion and pollution resistance properties. It is soft after heating and is suitable for embossing and molding veneer (ie, soft molding). Soft-forming veneer or vacuum profiled film). PVC film is supplied in rolls. The film with thickness of 0.1~0.6 mm is mainly used for ordinary furniture. The kitchen furniture needs to use 0.8~1.0 mm thick film, vacuum profiled film, embossed molded veneer or soft molded veneer. A thicker film is also required.
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